本課程中文授課,使用英文教科書。

人生在世，俯仰於天地之間，對於眼見耳聞之諸多現象，不論是攸關自然或人事，不免會感到驚異而發問求知。在追求理解的過程中，若不以眾人視為理所當然的想法為滿足，而能追根究底問下去並且提出進一步的批判與反省，此時的提問與求知便構成了哲學的思考活動。哲學的思考與科學的思考或是數學的思考有所不同：它並非如同科學以實驗設計來尋求解答；它也不像數學以嚴格證明來找出答案。哲學思考的方式在於提出主張、分析概念、釐清論題、建構論證、評估論證的效力等等。本課程的目的即在於介紹一些基本的哲學問題，涵蓋範圍包括知識論、形上學、倫理學等。

本課程目標在於使學生對於某些哲學基本核心議題的內容有所理解，以預備他們在哲學上的進階研究。

同學須：(1)出席上課並參與課堂討論；(2)研讀指定的文獻並繳交作業(摘要、論證重建、評論)；(3)參加期末考。

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知識論一：R. Descartes, “Meditations1” 知識論二：G. Ryle, “Descartes’s Myth” 科學哲學：P. Duhem, “Physical Theory and Experiment” 形上學一：T. Nagel, “What Is It Like to Be A Bat?” 形上學二：D. Parfit & G. Vesey, “Brain Transplants and Personal Identity” 形上學三：W.T. Stace, “Compatiblism: Free Will Is Consistent with Determinism” 形上學四：J.L. Mackie, "Values Are Subjective" 倫理學一：R. Taylor, “The Meaning of Human Existence” / T. Nagel, “Death” 倫理學二、三：B. Williams, "Against Utilitarianism" 倫理學四：T. Hobbes, Leviathan (Of the Natural Condition of Mankind as Concerning Their Felicity and Misery; Of the First and Second Natural Laws, and of Contracts; Of Other Laws of Nature) 倫理學五、六：I. Kant, "Ethics Is Based on Reason"

1.Solomon, R. & Higgins, K. (2010) The Big Questions: A Short Introduction to Philosophy, 8th edition, Wadsworth. 2.Gendler, T., Siegel, S. & Cahn, S. (2008) The Elements of Philosophy: Readings from Past and Present, Oxford University Press. 3.Solomon, R. (2008) Introducing Philosophy: A Text with Integrated Readings, 9th edition, Oxford University Press. 4.Perry, J., Bratman, M. & Fischer, J. (eds.) (2007) Introduction to Philosophy: Classical and Contemporary Readings, 4th edition, Oxford University Press. 5.Pojman, L. (2004) Introduction to Philosophy: Classical and Contemporary Readings, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press. 6.Hospers, J. (1997) An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis, 4th edition, Prentice-Hall, Inc. 7.Nagel, T. (1987) What Does It All Mean? A Very Short Introduction to Philosophy, Oxford University Press.